2 * Copyright (C) 2004 John Ellis
3 * Copyright (C) 2008 - 2016 The Geeqie Team
7 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
9 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
10 * (at your option) any later version.
12 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
15 * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
18 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
19 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
27 * These functions are intended to find images with similar color content. For
28 * example when an image was saved at different compression levels or dimensions
29 * (scaled down/up) the contents are similar, but these files do not match by file
30 * size, dimensions, or checksum.
32 * These functions create a 32 x 32 array for each color channel (red, green, blue).
33 * The array represents the average color of each corresponding part of the
34 * image. (imagine the image cut into 1024 rectangles, or a 32 x 32 grid.
35 * Each grid is then processed for the average color value, this is what
36 * is stored in the array)
38 * To compare two images, generate a ImageSimilarityData for each image, then
39 * pass them to the compare function. The return value is the percent match
40 * of the two images. (for this, simple comparisons are used, basically the return
41 * is an average of the corresponding array differences)
43 * for image_sim_compare(), the return is 0.0 to 1.0:
44 * 1.0 for exact matches (an image is compared to itself)
45 * 0.0 for exact opposite images (compare an all black to an all white image)
46 * generally only a match of > 0.85 are significant at all, and >.95 is useful to
47 * find images that have been re-saved to other formats, dimensions, or compression.
52 * The experimental (alternate) algorithm is only for testing of new techniques to
53 * improve the result, and hopes to reduce false positives.
56 static gboolean alternate_enabled = FALSE;
58 void image_sim_alternate_set(gboolean enable)
60 alternate_enabled = enable;
63 gboolean image_sim_alternate_enabled(void)
65 return alternate_enabled;
68 ImageSimilarityData *image_sim_new(void)
70 ImageSimilarityData *sd = g_new0(ImageSimilarityData, 1);
75 void image_sim_free(ImageSimilarityData *sd)
80 static gint image_sim_channel_eq_sort_cb(gconstpointer a, gconstpointer b)
82 gint *pa = (gpointer)a;
83 gint *pb = (gpointer)b;
84 if (pa[1] < pb[1]) return -1;
85 if (pa[1] > pb[1]) return 1;
89 static void image_sim_channel_equal(guint8 *pix, gint len)
95 buf = g_new0(gint, len * 2);
98 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
102 buf[p] = (gint)pix[i];
106 qsort(buf, len, sizeof(gint) * 2, image_sim_channel_eq_sort_cb);
109 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
115 pix[n] = (guint8)(255 * i / len);
121 static void image_sim_channel_norm(guint8 *pix, gint len)
129 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
131 if (pix[i] < l) l = pix[i];
132 if (pix[i] > h) h = pix[i];
136 scale = (delta != 0) ? 255.0 / (gdouble)(delta) : 1.0;
138 for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
140 pix[i] = (guint8)((gdouble)(pix[i] - l) * scale);
145 * define these to enable various components of the experimental compare functions
147 * Convert the thumbprint to greyscale (ignore all color information when comparing)
148 * #define ALTERNATE_USES_GREYSCALE 1
150 * Take into account the difference in change from one pixel to the next
151 * #define ALTERNATE_INCLUDE_COMPARE_CHANGE 1
154 void image_sim_alternate_processing(ImageSimilarityData *sd)
156 #ifdef ALTERNATE_USES_GREYSCALE
160 if (!alternate_enabled) return;
162 image_sim_channel_norm(sd->avg_r, sizeof(sd->avg_r));
163 image_sim_channel_norm(sd->avg_g, sizeof(sd->avg_g));
164 image_sim_channel_norm(sd->avg_b, sizeof(sd->avg_b));
166 image_sim_channel_equal(sd->avg_r, sizeof(sd->avg_r));
167 image_sim_channel_equal(sd->avg_g, sizeof(sd->avg_g));
168 image_sim_channel_equal(sd->avg_b, sizeof(sd->avg_b));
170 #ifdef ALTERNATE_USES_GREYSCALE
171 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(sd->avg_r); i++)
175 n = (guint8)((gint)(sd->avg_r[i] + sd->avg_g[i] + sd->avg_b[i]) / 3);
176 sd->avg_r[i] = sd->avg_g[i] = sd->avg_b[i] = n;
181 gint mround(gdouble x)
184 gdouble fpart = x-ipart;
185 return (fpart < 0.5 ? ipart : ipart+1);
188 void image_sim_fill_data(ImageSimilarityData *sd, GdkPixbuf *pixbuf)
199 gint x_inc, y_inc, xy_inc;
203 gboolean x_small = FALSE; /* if less than 32 w or h, set TRUE */
204 gboolean y_small = FALSE;
205 if (!sd || !pixbuf) return;
207 w = gdk_pixbuf_get_width(pixbuf);
208 h = gdk_pixbuf_get_height(pixbuf);
209 rs = gdk_pixbuf_get_rowstride(pixbuf);
210 pix = gdk_pixbuf_get_pixels(pixbuf);
211 has_alpha = gdk_pixbuf_get_has_alpha(pixbuf);
213 p_step = has_alpha ? 4 : 3;
233 for (ys = 0; ys < 32; ys++)
235 if (y_small) j = (gdouble)h / 32 * ys;
236 else y_inc = mround((gdouble)h_left/(32-ys));
240 for (xs = 0; xs < 32; xs++)
247 if (x_small) i = (gdouble)w / 32 * xs;
248 else x_inc = mround((gdouble)w_left/(32-xs));
249 xy_inc = x_inc * y_inc;
251 xpos = pix + (i * p_step);
253 for (y = j; y < j + y_inc; y++)
256 for (x = i; x < i + x_inc; x++)
285 ImageSimilarityData *image_sim_new_from_pixbuf(GdkPixbuf *pixbuf)
287 ImageSimilarityData *sd;
289 sd = image_sim_new();
290 image_sim_fill_data(sd, pixbuf);
295 #ifdef ALTERNATE_INCLUDE_COMPARE_CHANGE
296 static gdouble alternate_image_sim_compare_fast(ImageSimilarityData *a, ImageSimilarityData *b, gdouble min)
303 if (!a || !b || !a->filled || !b->filled) return 0.0;
309 for (j = 0; j < 1024; j += 32)
311 for (i = j; i < j + 32; i++)
316 cr = abs(a->avg_r[i] - b->avg_r[i]);
317 cg = abs(a->avg_g[i] - b->avg_g[i]);
318 cb = abs(a->avg_b[i] - b->avg_b[i]);
321 sim += cd + abs(cd - ld);
324 /* check for abort, if so return 0.0 */
325 if ((gdouble)sim / (255.0 * 1024.0 * 4.0) > min) return 0.0;
328 return (1.0 - ((gdouble)sim / (255.0 * 1024.0 * 4.0)) );
332 gdouble image_sim_compare_transfo(ImageSimilarityData *a, ImageSimilarityData *b, gchar transfo)
338 if (!a || !b || !a->filled || !b->filled) return 0.0;
342 if (transfo & 1) { i = &j2; j = &i2; } else { i = &i2; j = &j2; }
343 for (j1 = 0; j1 < 32; j1++)
345 if (transfo & 2) *j = 31-j1; else *j = j1;
346 for (i1 = 0; i1 < 32; i1++)
348 if (transfo & 4) *i = 31-i1; else *i = i1;
349 sim += abs(a->avg_r[i1*32+j1] - b->avg_r[i2*32+j2]);
350 sim += abs(a->avg_g[i1*32+j1] - b->avg_g[i2*32+j2]);
351 sim += abs(a->avg_b[i1*32+j1] - b->avg_b[i2*32+j2]);
355 return 1.0 - ((gdouble)sim / (255.0 * 1024.0 * 3.0));
358 gdouble image_sim_compare(ImageSimilarityData *a, ImageSimilarityData *b)
360 gint max_t = (options->rot_invariant_sim ? 8 : 1);
363 gdouble score, max_score = 0;
365 for(t = 0; t < max_t; t++)
367 score = image_sim_compare_transfo(a, b, t);
368 if (score > max_score) max_score = score;
375 4 rotations (0, 90, 180, 270) combined with two mirrors (0, H)
376 generate all possible isometric transformations
378 = change dir of x, change dir of y, exchange x and y = 2^3 = 8
380 gdouble image_sim_compare_fast_transfo(ImageSimilarityData *a, ImageSimilarityData *b, gdouble min, gchar transfo)
386 #ifdef ALTERNATE_INCLUDE_COMPARE_CHANGE
387 if (alternate_enabled) return alternate_image_sim_compare_fast(a, b, min);
390 if (!a || !b || !a->filled || !b->filled) return 0.0;
395 if (transfo & 1) { i = &j2; j = &i2; } else { i = &i2; j = &j2; }
396 for (j1 = 0; j1 < 32; j1++)
398 if (transfo & 2) *j = 31-j1; else *j = j1;
399 for (i1 = 0; i1 < 32; i1++)
401 if (transfo & 4) *i = 31-i1; else *i = i1;
402 sim += abs(a->avg_r[i1*32+j1] - b->avg_r[i2*32+j2]);
403 sim += abs(a->avg_g[i1*32+j1] - b->avg_g[i2*32+j2]);
404 sim += abs(a->avg_b[i1*32+j1] - b->avg_b[i2*32+j2]);
406 /* check for abort, if so return 0.0 */
407 if ((gdouble)sim / (255.0 * 1024.0 * 3.0) > min) return 0.0;
410 return (1.0 - ((gdouble)sim / (255.0 * 1024.0 * 3.0)) );
413 /* this uses a cutoff point so that it can abort early when it gets to
414 * a point that can simply no longer make the cut-off point.
416 gdouble image_sim_compare_fast(ImageSimilarityData *a, ImageSimilarityData *b, gdouble min)
418 gint max_t = (options->rot_invariant_sim ? 8 : 1);
421 gdouble score, max_score = 0;
423 for(t = 0; t < max_t; t++)
425 score = image_sim_compare_fast_transfo(a, b, min, t);
426 if (score > max_score) max_score = score;
430 /* vim: set shiftwidth=8 softtabstop=0 cindent cinoptions={1s: */